Dual Citizenship Guide: Second Passports and How They Work (2026)

Dual (and multiple) citizenship means holding the citizenship of more than one country at the same time. Whether you keep your existing citizenship when you acquire a second one is decided by the law of the country that issued it: Turkey, for example, permits dual citizenship. In this guide we explain the rules of dual citizenship, its advantages and which programs allow it.

Dual Citizenship Rules: Turkey as an Example

Turkish law permits dual and multiple citizenship. Turkish nationals who acquire a second citizenship are required to notify the civil registry authorities; Turkish citizenship continues. Rules of this kind differ from one country to the next, so the position of your own country of citizenship should be checked before you apply.

Advantages of Dual Citizenship

• Broader visa-free travel and a strong second passport.
• A permanent plan B and global mobility.
• Flexibility in business, investment and children's education.
• The status is permanent and passes to future generations.

Which Programs Allow Dual Citizenship?

Most citizenship by investment programs allow dual citizenship. The Caribbean programs, Turkey and Vanuatu are examples. For the most cost-effective options, see the cheapest programs guide.

What to Consider

It is important to assess in advance how a second citizenship affects notification, military-service and tax obligations in your country of origin. We plan the process and the notifications together.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does taking a second citizenship cost you your first?

That depends on the country that issued the first one. Turkey, for instance, permits dual citizenship: acquiring a second citizenship does not end Turkish citizenship, and the holder is expected to notify the civil registry authorities.

How many citizenships can a person hold?

Turkish law, for example, permits multiple citizenship, so a Turkish national can be a citizen of more than one country. Each country's own rules also apply.

Does dual citizenship affect tax?

Tax usually depends on residency, not citizenship. See our tax guide for details and take independent advice.

To determine the second-citizenship route that best fits you, get a free consultation.